发布时间:2019-05-29 08:42:39
U-PASS Project Team Members Developed Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation for Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicles
Autonomous vehicle (AV) technologies have received extensive attention and investments in recent years and are expected to revolutionize urban transportation systems. Similarly, an environmentally friendly electric vehicle (EV) contributes to the development of green life and sustainable economic development. Facing the future transportation system, Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicle (SAEV) is a combination of on-demand ride services, AV, and EV, which can be expected to become the development direction of future urban mobility. It has many advantages such as environmental protection, safety, and efficiency, which will significantly facilitate urban mobility.
To study the operations scenario of SAEV, the Transportation Data & Simulation Optimization Laboratory (TDSO Lab) of Zhejiang University, led by Dr. Xiqun (Michael) Chen, has developed a future-oriented Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) for SAEV scenarios. It establishes an efficient matching and dispatching algorithm between vehicles and passengers, and real-time matching algorithm for vehicles and charging stations. The model simulates the complicated matching relationship and information interaction among the on-demand ride services platform, passengers, SAEVs, and charging stations.
The proposed ABMS framework for systematic operations of SAEV is implemented using real ride-sourcing order data and the large-scale road network of Hangzhou, China, as shown in the video. The simulation area is 23*19 km2, with a total of 84,097 passengers, 4,500 SAEV vehicles, and an average battery capacity of 172 km. There are 257 charging stations in the simulation road network. Each charging station contains one fast-charging pile and two slow-charging piles. In the ABMS virtualization interface of SAEV, dots of different colors represent SAEVs of different states, with white representing the vehicle relocating to where demand is high, yellow representing the car picking up the passenger, red representing the vehicle carrying passengers, and green representing the vehicle going to the charging station. Charging station usage reflects the charging demand of vehicles, which is usually higher at night. Passengers' waiting time demonstrates the level of service of SAEV. Passengers' waiting time is generally longer during peak hours in the morning and evening. Average mileage traveled and profit of SAEV are two important indicators, which accumulate over time. By testing different simulation scenarios, we find that fleet size, SAEV battery mileage, and charging speed are three essential factors that significantly affect the simulation results. At present, ongoing research based on this simulation platform is conducted in the TDSO Lab of Zhejiang University.
This research was supported by the joint project of the JPI Urban Europe and National Natural Science Foundation of China "Urban Public Administration and ServiceS innovation for Innovative Urban Mobility Management and Policy (U-PASS)" (Grant No. 71961137005) and other related projects.
U-PASS项目组成员研发了共享自动驾驶电动车的智能体仿真模型
近年来，自动驾驶汽车（AV）是一个备受关注的话题，有众多企业投入AV研发之中，若AV成功量产，当前城市交通系统将迎来革命性变革。与自动驾驶汽车具有同样重要意义的是全电动汽车（EV)。面向未来交通系统，共享自动驾驶电动车（Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicle，SAEV）将AV、EV、共享出行模式进行整合，具有环保、安全、高效等众多优势，将大大方便交通出行。
为研究SAEV运行场景，浙江大学“百人计划”研究员陈喜群博士带领的交通数据与仿真优化实验室（Transportation Data & Simulation Optimization Laboratory，TDSO Lab），开发了面向未来SAEV场景的智能体仿真模型（Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation，ABMS）。在ABMS模型体系中，包括车辆和乘客之间的调度算法，以及车辆和充电站之间的实时匹配算法等，模拟了共享出行平台、乘客、SAEV和充电站之间的复杂匹配关系和信息交互作用。
浙江大学交通数据与仿真优化实验室将该仿真模型应用于杭州大规模城市道路网络和真实网约车订单数据，仿真区域面积为23*19 km2，共包含8.4万名乘客，4500辆SAEV车辆，电池平均续航里程为172公里。仿真路网上分布有257个充电站，每个充电站包含一个快速充电桩和两个慢速充电桩。在ABMS仿真可视化界面，不同颜色的点代表不同状态的SAEV，白色代表巡游车辆，黄色代表正在接载乘客车辆，红色代表载有乘客的车辆，绿色代表正在前往充电站的车辆。随着秒级仿真的进行，可视化界面下方实时显示充电站、乘客、SAEV和共享出行平台四个层面的分钟级统计结果。充电站使用率反映了车辆的充电需求，该指标在夜间通常更高，乘客等候时间反映了SAEV的服务能力，通常在早晚高峰时段乘客等待时间较长，SAEV的平均行驶里程和利润也是两个重要指标，它们随着时间的推移而累积。通过测试不同的模拟案例，我们发现车队规模、SAEV续航里程和充电速度是影响仿真结果的三个重要因素。目前，基于该平台的深化研究正在进行之中。
本研究得到了国家自然科学基金与欧洲城市化联合研究计划（JPI UE）中欧合作研究项目“城市公共管理与服务革新：新型的城市移动管理与政策”（项目号71961137005）及其他相关项目的资助。
